Changzhou Smart-Lifesciences Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.

There are two major categories: mRNA vaccines and DNA vaccines. mRNA vaccines are vaccines that inject mRNA sequences encoding antigenic proteins into the human body to directly express antigens and induce human immune responses to prevent diseases. Since mRNA has no risk of infection, its preparation process is highly versatile, with less optimization work and a shorter development cycle. It has strong immunogenicity and does not require adjuvants, making it very suitable for emergency immunization.

DNA vaccines, also known as nucleic acid vaccines or gene vaccines, refer to the direct injection of recombinant eukaryotic expression vectors encoding a certain protein antigen into animals, so that exogenous genes are expressed in vivo, and the generated antigens activate the body's immune system, thereby inducing specific humoral and cellular immune responses. Although such vaccines have not yet been launched, their rapid technological development may usher in a new era of immunology. Such vaccines under development include malaria, influenza, rotavirus, HIV, etc.